4. Assessment of Competence
Key terms found in this chapter
•
Recognition
of Prior Learning (RPL)
•
Skills
Recognition Audit (SRA)
•
Recognition
of Current Competencies (RCC)
•
Competence-based Training and Assessment (CBT &
CBA)
4.1 Introduction
Competence-based Training (CBT) and Competence-based Assessment (CBA) focus on what a worker can do or is
required to do at work. Competency refers to the ability
to perform particular tasks and duties to the standard of performance expected
in the workplace. ASEAN has adopted the CBT/CBA
training system to enable member countries to produce the type of worker that
industry is looking for and this therefore increases trainees’ chances
of obtaining employment. CBA involves collecting evidence
and making a judgement of the extent to which a worker can perform his/her duties at the required competency standard.
4.2 Competency
Competency requires the application of specified knowledge,
skills and attitudes relevant to effective participation, consistently over
time and in the workplace environment. The essential
skills and knowledge are either identified separately or combined.
•
Knowledge
identifies what a person needs to know
to perform the work in an informed and effective manner.
•
Skills
describe the application of knowledge to situations where understanding is
converted into a workplace outcome.
•
Attitude
describes the founding reasons behind the need for certain knowledge or why
skills are performed in a specified manner
Competency
covers all aspects of workplace performance and involves
•
Performing
individual tasks
•
Managing
a range of different tasks
•
Responding
to contingencies or breakdowns • Dealing with the
responsibilities of the workplace
•
Working
with others.
4.2.1 Unit
of Competency
All qualifications or programs include a range of topics that
focus on the ability of the trainee to perform a task or job in a specific work
area and with particular responsibilities or job functions. For
purposes of assessment, ACCSTP uses the unit of competency that applies in the
tourism workplace. Each unit of competency identifies a
discrete workplace requirement and includes:
•
Knowledge
and skills that underpin competency
•
Language,
literacy and numeracy
•
Occupational
health and safety requirements.
Each unit of competency must be adhered to in training and
assessment to ensure consistency of outcomes.
4.2.2
Element of Competency
An element of competency describes the essential outcomes within
a unit of competency. The elements of competency are the
basic building blocks of the unit of competency. They
describe in terms of outcomes the significant functions and tasks that make up
the competency.
4.2.3
Performance criteria
Performance
criteria indicate the standard of performance that is required to demonstrate
achievement within an element of competency. The standards
reflect identified industry skill needs. Performance
criteria will be made up of certain specified skills, knowledge and attitudes. Figure 4.3 which compares competency
standards with curriculum and shows the linkages between both methods of
learning and assessment
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